FISSION Activity 8.1: * Dissolve about 10 gm of sugar in 100 mL of water. * Take 20 mL of this solution in a test tube and add a pinch of yeast granules to it. *
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FRAGMENTATION Activity 8.4: * Collect water from a lake or pond that appears dark green and contains filamentous structures. * Put one or two filaments on a slide. *&
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REGENERATION Many fully differentiated organisms have the ability to give rise to new individual organisms from their body parts. That is, if the individual is somehow cut or broken up into many pi
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BUDDING Organisms such as Hydra use regenerative cells for reproduction in the process of budding. In Hydra, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site (
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VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION There are many plants in which parts like the root, stem and leaves develop into new plants under appropriate conditions. Unlike in most animals, plants can indeed use such a
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SPORE FORMATION Even in many simple multi-cellular organisms, specific reproductive parts can be identified. The thread-like structures that developed on the bread in Activity 8.2 above are the hyp
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